Scott and Craig describe the recovery and redeployment of a mooring left in the ocean to record temperature, salinity and currents at various depths through time. Lionel and Mike reflect on the results.
Lionel and James explain how CO2 is taken up by the oceans. Lisa Northcote filters surface water to measure CO2 uptake by biota. Scott shows a coring operation to measure the rate at which this accumulates on the sea floor.
Ros talks about her UK work showing the importance of abundant microscopic marine plants in the surface waters of the ocean taking up atmospheric CO2 and giving off oxygen like plants on land.
Lionel talks about the natural climate cycles of the past he's seen in deep ocean cores back to 33 million years. He and James explain their discomfort at CO2 levels rising far above the pre-industrial 280 ppm.
Deep cores into ice sheets have revealed an amazing record of Earth's glacial cycles every 100,000 years. Tim explains how the melt is triggered by changes in Earth's orbit but amplified by rising CO2 levels.
Alex explains how they drilled almost 1000 m through floating ice and ocean and another 1000+ metres into the sea floor to sample its sediments. Co-chief scientists Tim and David give their reactions to the wealth of new data from the core on Antarctic climate millions of years ago
We see the newly drilled core carried into the lab, and analysed for a range of chemical and physical properties. We also share the excitement of the scientists as they view this window into Antarctica's warmer past for the first time.
Tim explains what they have discovered - periods between 2 and 5 million years ago when Earth's climate was only slightly warmer but the region was ice-free.
Martin Brasier shows the types of fossils that characterised Earth in warmer climates of the past
Matt Huber explains how the link between CO2 and past climates is a key factor to assessing future global warming.